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July 25, 2005

Dem Ebonics Agin

1n 1997, I sold my Altima for a minivan, packed the kids and a half ton of supplies into it and drove across the country from Atlanta to Los Angeles. Somewhere in Texas, having become bored out of our gourds of the radio, we purchased some old black comedy tapes at a truck stop. One of the performers was Pigmeat Markham. We put in the tape and laughed at three quarters of the jokes. The rest were incomprehensible not because there was anything wrong with the tape, but because it was spoken in a brand of English that only our African American grandparents understand.

Is Ebonics a language? Yes. Is Ebonics a dialect? Yes.
Is Ebonics worth learning? Yes. Is Ebonics worth teaching? Yes.

These are upper class intellectual sentiments. And since it is my aim to be both, they are what I believe, but they are not what I recommend in the context of public elementary school education. This is for altruistic reasons. For all the sophisticated reasons Ebonics ought to be taught, write a book and teach it to graduate students. I, for one would love to hear Pigmeat Markham translated into something I can understand. English majors, have at it. But for public school kids? Forget it.

I am not entirely opposed to a bit of culture warring or class warring. Furthermore I do not like to forget that it is ever the case that within western democracies, the surest way into the middle class is via the armed services. I hold a good deal of stock in the meritocracy of soldiering. In my hardball reasoning, there is no reason to teach Ebonics or teach via Ebonics in the military, which functions very well, and there is no reason to teach Ebonics or via Ebonics in the public schools.

If you love Mexican food, you don't ask for one of those foldy things with meat in the bottom, you ask for a taco, and you learn how to pronounce it right. If you want the blessing of God Almighty, Creator of Heaven and Earth, you can pray in any language you like and he will hear you, but don't expect the mercy and forbearance of middle class Americans like me to reach anywhere near that level of grace. I'm not interested in hearing you out, and neither is anybody who actually struggled in high school cranking out double spaced essays. Nobody said English was easy. So if there is some massively significant concession to be had in the teaching in the Ebonic dialect it's not coming from over here. Of course, I can think of an exception. Show me the great Ebonic contribution to American literature and then show me how you are teaching students to write in that style, with the precision of an editor of a major publisher. Otherwise drop it.

I am making the distinction between the written and the spoken word. Quite frankly I don't ever expect people's social expectations of diction to change. The beauty of linquistic precision is it's own reward - every two bit crab rapper knows that. But that's not what public education is in place to provide - rather it is the common stuff of what all of us Americans ought to know at base. You shouldn't establish a second track for anything other than remedial ed or honors ed. The idea that teaching Ebonics is anything but remedial is, I suspect only something that can be believed by the most liberal minds. But hey, if you can teach honors Ebonics, go 'head.

The only thing that's got me considering this with any seriousness is wondering whether or not native Ebonic speakers are teaching English to college prep standards. If the question implies anything but that, then it is a pointless exercise. I mean are we going to have Molly from Providence take a graduate course in Ebonics at Brown so she can teach in the dialeck down in the Derty South? Is she going to have an extra credential? Am I the only one who sees what a circuitous edification of vulgar rot this is? I mean, sure, do it, but don't call it progress, and keep it out of *my* public school district.

All the native Ebonic speakers will speak the way they do and be disrepected just like the rest of the Texas twangers, Alabama drawlers, and nasally nor'easterners. So what? So long as you can drive a truck, plumb a bob, or do what's necessary in the blue collar world, I don't care if you speak Pig-Farsi. Just understand enough so that we can make an unambiguous deal. But also don't pretend that your Ebonic track at Dukakis High School gives you license to be a writer or editor, not even at King Magazine.

TCB Weighs In:

  • DC Thornton
  • La Shawn
  • Avery

    Interestingly enough, I didn't realize this controversy had anything to do with the reality in San Berdoo or Whizbang, I just thought it was a topic of the week. For the record, San Berdoo is off the chizain and ought to be leashed back up, and David is just being overly sensitive again.

  • Posted by mbowen at July 25, 2005 09:29 PM

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    I thought the whole idea of Ebonics in schools, at least the first time it came around, was to use it as a tool for getting to Standard English more reliably. That is, Ebonics, or AAVE, or whatever people call it these days, is a dialect of English with grammatical rules that aren't all that far off from Standard. If you can teach a kid who speaks AAVE fluently and accurately, but Standard with difficulty (a) how to name the grammatical rules he's successfully following in AAVE, so that he's got a conscious conception of the grammar rather than simply using it unconsciously as a native speaker does, and then (b) how to translate from the grammar of the dialect he's fluent in, to the corresponding grammatical rules in Standard, which he's less fluent in, that seems as if it could be a profitable way of teaching Standard English.

    I don't think anyone's ever seriously advocated teaching in AAVE only, but it's kind of a shame that people stomp on the idea of using it formally as a route to Standard English. I don't know that it would work better than what schools do now, but it's the kind of idea that seems as if it might have potential.

    Posted by: LizardBreath at July 26, 2005 09:15 AM

    The word "Ebonics" is now too politically charged--better strike it like the n-word.

    I know the folks at the San Bernardino School Board, and they are simply trying to help improve the academic performance of students who need extra help. I'm happy they are targeting black students and spending the dollars.


    Ironically, hip hop is the trojan horse of ebonics, so white kids are also growing up in households where ebonics is spoken.

    Posted by: brotherbrown [TypeKey Profile Page] at July 26, 2005 10:01 AM

    your greatest hip hop artists generally use standard english in discussing the issues nearest and dearest to their heart...i have a bit of an old school slant here, but i believe the notable exception would be 'the r' (rakim)...but others like krs, chuck-d, kool moe dee, tupac, nas, black thought, common, talib, mos def, etc...these folks are all world-class word-smiths with extensive vocabularies...hip-hop is also full of folks with limited skills, but at the top, most of these folks are conversant in both ebony phonetics and SE...folk like tupac and krs and will smith were excellent students in the classroom and their facility with LANGUAGE is evident in their emergence in a field where skilz are defined as mental-verbal dexterity_under pressure...the same applies to biggie smalls and kool moe dee. you can't win a battle without a vocabulary...you can't use the same lines in a battle that you use on wax...everyone's heard 'em already...if you can't flex and use different styles and innovate - you cannot win. studio rappers are a different breed, but when you listen to folks with established battle reps, you know they're on a different level. moreover, compare hip hop lyrics to those of rock n'roll or r&b songs...it's like comparing a dissertation to a policy brief. hip hop artists write so much more that repitition plays a necessarily limited role in the artistry and the pressure to innovate is tremendous - not so in rock n'roll or r&b. hip-hops beats and 'nihilism' may have become repititive, but to the extent that this is true, mediocrity has come to define a larger part of the genre.

    as to the teaching of ebony phonetics in schools - there are two principle issues: 1) the education is intended to emphasize phonics which leads to much greater long-term reading comprehension and literacy than whole language; 2) the education incorporates the term "ebony" (a marketing tool to reflect a west african linguistic phenomenon) as a means of teaching that ebonics has rules for grammar and syntax that are derived from a specific/shared cultural legacy. the point is not to teach children who already know ebonics how to speak it...this argument was crafted to undermine the approach. the intent of ebonics education was to use phonics - and lessons on grammar, syntax and vocabulary to teach reading and writing. Phonetic readers, in the short term don't read as quickly as whole language readers, but they build larger vocabularies, and read advanced materials with greater comprehension...this also translates to better writing skills...

    Posted by: Temple3 [TypeKey Profile Page] at August 2, 2005 07:40 AM

    oh, by the way, the classical body of literature in ebonics??? or more accurately, "writing in dialect" (like Shakespeare)?

    paul laurence dunbar is the place to start.

    Posted by: Temple3 [TypeKey Profile Page] at August 2, 2005 08:06 AM

    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195122917/002-8048280-4025650?v=glance

    cobb...while i'm not a literary dude, i think you're barking up the wrong tree on this one...it seems that the body of work is quite extensive and moreover, that this literary debate in the 1920's is precisely the type of cultural "borrowing/appropriation" war that was repeated with jazz, blues, rock, r&b, and hip-hop...and in the films of quentin tarantino.

    i could be argued that the overwhelming majority of america's classical narratives are the products of ebony phonetics...it is difficult, if not impossible, to authentically understand america outside of the context of black folk and our language...so, the value of it is clear - if that entails a reading of folks like stein, eliot and conrad or hurston and dunbar or even developing sensibilities to understand the transformation of sacred rituals (ring shout, praise songs, work songs, etc.)...the cultural cupboard is far from bare.

    this is precisely the intellectual, operational disconnect that so troubled harold cruse in "crisis".

    Posted by: Temple3 [TypeKey Profile Page] at August 2, 2005 08:46 AM

    by the way, the last two presidents of the united states speak with fairly recognizable accents...maybe it's not the barrier you imagine...while academic studies paint one picture, the white house and the american electorate are painting quite another.

    Posted by: Temple3 [TypeKey Profile Page] at August 2, 2005 08:50 AM